The SAC Complexo Húmido de Corrubedo (ES1110006) is highly important for biodiversity and conservation, as it houses natural values of great interest, especially with regard to coastal and marine environments, in which a large set of habitats and species of community interest in the Master Plan for the Natura 2000 Network of Galicia (Ramil-Rego et al. 2012), approved by Decree 37/2014, which is the basic planning and network management instrument for Natura Spaces 2000 from Galicia. The Plan establishes a set of objectives and management measures for the natural spaces that are included in its scope of application, in order to ensure a favorable state of conservation of the types of natural habitats and of the species of community interest of the CD 92/43/EEC and CD 2009/147/EC.
According to the diagnostic information of the Master Plan of the Natura 2000 Network of Galicia, the SAC Complexo Húmido de Corrubedo (ES1110006) houses within its territorial scope a total of 35 types of habitats of community interest. Of these, 8 types have priority (1150*, 2130*, 2150*, 4020*, 5230*, 6220*, 7210*, 91E0*). In other words, within this space, which represents 3% of the Natura 2000 Network of Galicia, there is representation of 49% of the total types of habitat of community interest identified for Galicia and 44% of the priority types in the Autonomous Community. (Ramil-Rego et al. 2008a, b).
The group of habitats with the greatest representativeness corresponds to the group of Coastal habitats and halophytic vegetation with 12 different types identified (92% of all those identified in Galicia within this group), of which one type is a priority (1150*) . The group of Marine and Continental Dunes is also well represented, since it has 7 types of habitats that also account for 100% of the habitats of this group present in Galicia. The variety, contact and continuity of coastal habitats with dune habitats contribute to improving the connectivity of natural and semi-natural habitats, functioning as essential link points for the migration and genetic exchange of wild species, and playing an important role for the coherence of the Natura 2000 Network of Galicia, since these ecosystems are highly fragile and vulnerable to the threats identified in this project (see form B2d).
However, the types of habitat that occupy the largest area are the priority type 2130* with 313.70 ha (3% of the ZEC), the community interest type 4030 with 309.65 ha (3% of the SAC ), type 8230 with 232.62 ha (2% of the SAC) and type 1230 with 194.52 ha (2% of the SAC). In other words, the types of habitat with the greatest surface representation of the SAC Complexo Húmido de Corrubedo (ES1110006) make up a remarkable complex of high conservation value and community interest, being in contact with the transition formed by types 2130* and 4030, object of the conservation actions of LIFE INSULAR. The dune ecosystems of the type 2130* contact, following a horizontal axis, with the cliffs of the type 1230, while vertically catenally they contact the coastal thickets of the type 4030, which in turn are also in contact with the type 1230. These 2 types of habitat (1230, 4030), in turn, include important representations of siliceous rocks of type 8230.
For all of the above, the representation of coastal and insular habitats in the SAC Complexo Húmido de Corrubedo (ES1110006), together with those of other Atlantic archipelagos in the Natura 2000 Network of Galicia (Cíes, Ons), also included in LIFE INSULAR, They are among the best in the entire Iberian NW.
In terms of flora and fauna, the dune and coastal scrub ecosystems present in the SAC Complexo Húmido de Corrubedo (ES1110006) have a great diversity, playing an important role in the conservation of natural resources and biodiversity, housing a high number of species of interest for conservation, with a total of more than 140 species with some category of European, state or regional protection, mostly corresponding to birds, as it is a place that is home to numerous colonies of migratory birds. A total of 20 taxa are included in Annex II of CD 92/43/EEC, which represents 54% of the total number of species of community interest identified in the Natura 2000 areas of the Galician coastal area.
The dune and coastal scrub ecosystems present in the SAC Complexo Húmido de Corrubedo (ES1110006) have a great diversity, playing an important role in the conservation of natural resources and biodiversity, also housing the priority flora species Omphalodes littoralis*, endemism of the Iberian NW (Serrano & Carbajal 2004), with a very restricted distribution area, less than 10 hectares, which inhabits the little altered gray fixed dunes, since together with the population centers included in the territorial scope of the present project (Corrubedo, Porto do Son, Sálvora), population centers are only known in Costa da Morte and the North coast of Ferrol. However, it is also possible to mention the presence of other remarkable flora species such as Rumex rupestris, Linaria arenaria and Cytisus insularis (considered Endangered).
The importance of the SAC Complexo Húmido de Corrubedo (ES1110006) for the conservation of bird species lies in the fact that within it it is possible to identify a variety of more than 110 cataloged or protected taxa, among which a total of 34 species are included in Annex I of CD 2009/147EC, that is, 61% of the total number of birds in said Annex that have been identified in the coastal areas of Galicia. Among them, the presence of the brown pochard (Aythya nyroca), the Balearic shearwater (Puffinus mauretanicus), the marsh bunting (Emberiza schoeniclus lusitanica), the Kentish plover (Charadrius alexandrinus) or the curlew (Numenius arquata) stand out.
The herpete community of the SAC Complexo Húmido de Corrubedo (ES1110006) is considered highly diversified, among which the presence of the priority species Caretta caretta* and the species of community interest Discoglossus galganoi and Chioglossa lusitanica should be noted. However, in the waters of the SAC the presence of various aquatic mammals has been detected, among which 2 species of Annex II of CD 92/43/EEC stand out, the harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) and the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus).
